Initially, participants used in their experiments were prostitutes. In contrast, Masters and Johnson set about to study the structure, psychology, and physiology of sexual behavior through observing and measuring masturbation and sexual intercourse in the laboratory. Kinsey's work, however, had mainly investigated the frequency with which certain behaviors occurred in the population and was based on personal interviews, not on laboratory observation. Previously, the study of human sexuality ( sexology) had been a largely neglected field of study due to the restrictive social conventions of the time, with prostitution as a notable exception.Īlfred Kinsey and colleagues at Indiana University had previously published two volumes on sexual behavior in the human male and female (known as the Kinsey Reports), in 19 respectively, both of which had been revolutionary and controversial in their time. Louis County they nonetheless continued to work together professionally. Masters and Johnson married in 1971 but then later divorced on Main the Circuit Court of St. By the time Masters divorced his first wife in 1971, associates believed that he and Johnson essentially lived together and worked and traveled together seven days a week.
Maier stated that Masters spent more time in the lab with Johnson than he did with his wife Libby and their children, and also spent summer vacations together with Johnson. At Masters's request, Masters and Johnson engaged in intercourse as subjects of their own study and eventually became lovers. According to author Thomas Maier, as part of their clinical research Masters and Johnson observed paid volunteers engaging in sexual activity while hooked to wires in their lab. Masters and Johnson met in 1957 when William Masters hired Virginia Johnson as a research assistant to undertake a comprehensive study of human sexuality.
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Additionally, they are the focus of a television series called Masters of Sex for Showtime based on the 2009 biography by author Thomas Maier. Both of these books were best-sellers and were translated into more than thirty languages. They jointly wrote two classic texts in the field, Human Sexual Response and Human Sexual Inadequacy, published in 19 respectively. Their findings, particularly on the nature of female sexual arousal (for example, describing the mechanisms of vaginal lubrication and debunking the earlier widely held notion that vaginal lubrication originated from the cervix) and orgasm (showing that the physiology of orgasmic response was identical whether stimulation was clitoral or vaginal, and, separately, proving that some women were capable of being multiorgasmic), dispelled many long-standing misconceptions. In the initial phase of Masters and Johnson's studies, from 1957 until 1965, they recorded some of the first laboratory data on the anatomy and physiology of human sexual response based on direct observation of 382 women and 312 men in what they conservatively estimated to be "10,000 complete cycles of sexual response". Louis in 1964, originally called the Reproductive Biology Research Foundation and renamed the Masters and Johnson Institute in 1978. Louis and was continued at the independent not-for-profit research institution they founded in St.
The work of Masters and Johnson began in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Washington University in St. Johnson, pioneered research into the nature of human sexual response and the diagnosis and treatment of sexual disorders and dysfunctions from 1957 until the 1990s. The Masters and Johnson research team, composed of William H.
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